
Surah Al-Fatihah, Verse 7, identifies four spiritual groups .
- Al-Mun’am ’Alayhim(Those Granted Favor)
- Location: The center—where Set A (Straight Belief) and Set B (Straight Worship) intersect.
- Description: This group combines aqidah sahihah (correct belief based on revelation) with amal shalih (righteous worship according to the Prophet’s ﷺ method). They are the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous (QS. An-Nisa: 69). Allah’s favor grants them guidance, tranquility, and Paradise.
- Al-Maghdub ’Alayhim(Those Who Incur Wrath)
- Location: Set A (Straight Belief) without Set B (Straight Worship).
- Description: They know the truth but fail to act upon it. Scholars identify this group with the Jews (as in QS. Al-Baqarah: 61) or, more broadly, anyone who sins despite knowing better. Allah’s wrath manifests in their lives as anxiety and discontent.
- Adh-Dhaallin(The Astray)
- Location: Set B (Straight Worship) without Set A (Straight Belief).
- Description: They are diligent in worship, but their beliefs are deviant (involving bid’ah, shirk, or following desires). This group is identified with the Christians (QS. Al-Fatihah: 7) or anyone who worships without correct knowledge. Their misguidance is subtler and more dangerous.
- Kafir Mutlak(Absolute Disbelievers)
- Location: Outside both Set A and Set B.
- Description: They reject straight belief (denying revelation) and do not perform proper worship. They are the clear disbelievers (QS. Al-Baqarah: 6), whose fate is the Hellfire.
A Reflective Question for Daily Muhasabah (Self-accounting):
“Where do I stand?”
Only you and Allah know the true answer, but the signs are recognizable:
- If you constantly seek knowledge of Tawhid and are diligent in worship → You are approaching the favored center.
- If you know the religious rulings but are lazy in prayer or persist in sin → You are nearing the group of those who incur wrath.
- If you are diligent in worship but mix it with superstitions or innovations → You are approaching the astray group.
- If you deny core religious truths and do not pray → You are outside the circles of faith.
The Call to Action:
“Rush to the center intersection! That is the Sirat al-Mustaqim—the straight path that perfectly unites correct knowledge with righteous action.”
References:
- QS. Al-Fatihah: 7 (The primary foundation)
- QS. Al-Baqarah: 6 (On the disbelievers)
- Tafsir Ibn Kathir: Confirms the identifications of the groups.
- Hadith: “The Jews are those who earned (Allah’s) wrath, and the Christians are astray.” (HR. Tirmidhi)
This diagram is not just theory; it is a spiritual mirror. Every one of us may have drifted into these different areas, but the believer always strives to return to the center, embodied in the prayer: “You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.” (QS. Al-Fatihah: 5)
And Allah knows best.